Neonatal bronchiolitis is one of the leading causes of visits to pediatric emergency departments, characterized by inflammation of the lower airways and the potential for progression to respiratory failure. This study aimed to evaluate the scientific evidence regarding the management of neonatal bronchiolitis, with an emphasis on therapeutic interventions and an interdisciplinary approach. This is a systematic review conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with searches in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, BVS, and SciELO databases. Clinical trials, observational studies, and systematic reviews were included. The results demonstrated that supportive measures, such as oxygen therapy, hydration, and clinical monitoring, form the basis of treatment and have the highest level of evidence. In contrast, pharmacological interventions, such as bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics, did not demonstrate consistent clinical benefits. High-flow nasal cannula therapy showed promising results in reducing the need for invasive ventilation, especially in moderate to severe cases. The interdisciplinary approach proved fundamental to the quality of care, promoting integration among professionals and improving clinical outcomes. It is concluded that the management of neonatal bronchiolitis should be based on evidence-based practices, prioritizing supportive measures and avoiding unnecessary interventions, with an emphasis on individualized care.