International Journal of Medical and All Body Health Research  |  e-ISSN: 2582-8940  |  Double-Blind Peer Review  |  Open Access  |  CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Current Issues
     2026:7/4

International Journal of Medical and All Body Health Research

e-ISSN: 2582-8940 | Open Access

The Global Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance: A Microbiological Review

Mohammed Aladeeb

Department of Radiology Techniques, Mosul Medical Technical Institute, Northern Technical University, Mosul, Iraq

Article Information

Volume / Issue6 / 3 (July-September 2025)
Pages62-76
AccessOpen Access

Publication Timeline

  • Received28 May 2025
  • Accepted02 July 2025
  • Published

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Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat that compromises the effectiveness of current antimicrobial therapies. This review outlines key microbiological mechanisms of resistance, including enzymatic degradation of antibiotics, efflux pump activity, and genetic mutations that enhance bacterial survival. These adaptations contribute to treatment failures and increase patient mortality and healthcare costs. Clinically, AMR limits therapeutic options, prolongs hospital stays, and complicates infections. Environmentally, the spread of resistant bacteria through wastewater, agriculture, and pharmaceutical waste plays a significant role in sustaining resistance in natural ecosystems. A thorough understanding of these mechanisms is essential for developing strategies to monitor, prevent, and manage AMR. Addressing this crisis requires global cooperation, surveillance, and investment in alternative therapies and responsible antibiotic use.

Keywords

Antimicrobial ResistanceEnzymatic DegradationEfflux PumpsGenetic MutationsClinical ImpactEnvironmental Dissemination

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How to Cite

Aladeeb, M. (2025). The Global Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance: A Microbiological Review. International Journal of Medical and All Body Health Research, 6(3), 62-76. https://doi.org/10.54660/IJMBHR.2025.6.3.62-76

Aladeeb, Mohammed. "The Global Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance: A Microbiological Review." International Journal of Medical and All Body Health Research, vol. 6, no. 3, 2025, pp. 62-76. https://doi.org/10.54660/IJMBHR.2025.6.3.62-76.

Aladeeb, M. (2025) 'The Global Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance: A Microbiological Review', International Journal of Medical and All Body Health Research, 6(3), pp. 62-76. doi: 10.54660/IJMBHR.2025.6.3.62-76.

Aladeeb M. The Global Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance: A Microbiological Review. International Journal of Medical and All Body Health Research. 2025;6(3):62-76. doi:10.54660/IJMBHR.2025.6.3.62-76

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