Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) is a debilitating side effect of many chemotherapeutic agents, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and treatment adherence. Oncology nurses play a critical role in assessing, managing, and supporting patients affected by CIPN. This review explores evidence-based strategies for oncology nurses to mitigate the effects of CIPN and improve patient outcomes. Early detection is essential in preventing CIPN progression, requiring nurses to conduct thorough patient assessments using standardized tools such as the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group-Neurotoxicity (FACT-GOG-NTX) scale. Nurses must educate patients on recognizing early symptoms, such as numbness, tingling, and pain, to facilitate timely interventions. Management strategies include both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Medications such as gabapentinoids and antidepressants may help alleviate neuropathic pain, while non-pharmacological methods, including physical therapy, acupuncture, and nutritional supplementation, offer additional symptom relief. Oncology nurses also play a vital role in patient education, providing guidance on lifestyle modifications, home safety, and coping strategies to enhance self-management. Beyond symptom management, nurses serve as patient advocates by collaborating with oncologists to adjust treatment plans when necessary and ensuring patients receive holistic care. Long-term monitoring is essential to address lingering neuropathy symptoms post-treatment, and psychosocial support should be integrated to help patients cope with emotional distress caused by CIPN. Despite advancements in CIPN research, challenges remain in treatment efficacy and standardization of care protocols. Future efforts should focus on developing targeted therapies, improving nurse training on CIPN management, and integrating technology for remote symptom monitoring. By adopting a proactive and multidisciplinary approach, oncology nurses can significantly alleviate CIPN-related distress and enhance the overall well-being of cancer patients.