Maternal health disparities remain a pressing global issue, disproportionately affecting underserved communities due to historical and intergenerational trauma. This review examines how racial, social, and economic disparities contribute to chronic stress, which in turn negatively impacts pregnancy outcomes. Historical patterns of healthcare exclusion, including systemic racism, economic barriers, and cultural mistrust of medical institutions, have led to persistent inequities in maternal care access. These factors contribute to chronic stress, which has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and increased maternal morbidity. The physiological and psychological effects of chronic stress are explored through the lens of endocrine and immune system disruptions, including cortisol dysregulation and inflammatory responses that increase pregnancy complications. Additionally, the mental health implications such as heightened anxiety, depression, and PTSD further exacerbate the risks to both maternal and fetal health. Addressing these disparities requires a multifaceted approach that integrates trauma-informed prenatal care with community-based support systems. Trauma-informed care emphasizes culturally competent healthcare practices, mental health screenings, and patient-centered approaches that prioritize emotional well-being. Community-driven solutions, including doula programs, peer-support networks, and holistic social interventions, provide critical resources that help mitigate stress during pregnancy. This review further advocates for policy interventions aimed at reducing maternal health disparities, including expanded Medicaid coverage, improved access to equitable healthcare, and investment in community-led maternal health initiatives. By drawing on historical lessons and integrating holistic, patient-centered care models, policymakers and healthcare providers can work toward eliminating maternal health inequities worldwide. Future maternal health frameworks must embrace a combination of systemic policy changes and grassroots initiatives to ensure safe and healthy pregnancy outcomes for all individuals, regardless of socioeconomic status.