Objective: To measure the challenges associated with nurses' work in Mosul City Hospitals.  Methodology: A descriptive study design was carried out at wards of Mosul Hospitals to measure the challenges associated with nurses' work from 1st / April till 18 / September 2024. A non-probability (purposive) sample was chosen for the current study. The sample comprised 200 nurses who worked in every ward of the chosen hospitals. To quantify the problems, a two-part questionnaire was created and made available to nurses. Using ten experts, the questionnaire tool's validity was validated. Twenty randomly chosen nurses participated in a pilot research to statistically assess the questionnaire's reliability (excluded from study findings). The Cronbach alpha result, calculated with SPSS version 26, is 0.793. Result: The challenges associated with nurses’ work explain that the social and cultural challenges were 61.0% (122) of the nurses’ sample results at a not agreed level with chi-square (90.76) and high significant p.value (0.000). The psychological challenges were 52.0% (104) of the nurses’ sample results at the not agreed level with chi-square (51.64) and high significant p.value (0.000). The economic challenges were 70.0% (140) of the nurses’ sample results at the neutral level with chi-square (122.92) and high significant p.value (0.000). The administrative challenges were 70.0% (140) of the nurses’ sample results at the not agreed level with chi-square (226.72) and high significant p.value (0.000). Recommendations: To improve nurses' understanding of this important topic, hospital departments should develop and implement a continuous, comprehensive special program, training course, and seminars about pneumonia in children under five.